The BM-21 Grad is a Rocket Artillery system mounted on a 6×6 truck, one of the most widely used multiple rocket launchers since its Soviet introduction in 1963. The Grad (hail) name refers to the 40-tube 122 mm launcher, which can saturate an area with 9M22/M21 HE-frag rockets at ranges of several kilometres. The 18.2 t wheeled vehicle is crewed by a driver and gunner; a ZiL-375 gasoline engine produces 180 hp (9.9 hp/t) for a top speed of 100 km/h.
The launcher has 7 deg/s horizontal and 5 deg/s vertical traverse with elevation from -2° to 55°, and a 6 s reload cycle. No rangefinder or fire control beyond the 1× sight is modelled in the data; in practice, Grad batteries rely on external targeting and fire-control assets.
